Research on Optimal Capacity Allocation and Peak Shaving Method of EV Battery-swap Stations Based on Non-cooperative Game

Aiming at issues of peak period and heavy load in medium and large-scale battery swapping stations, a capacity optimization configuration method of battery swapping stations based on non-cooperative game is proposed considering the peak shaving demand of battery swapping stations and the user’s battery swapping experience. Firstly, the service capacity constraint and the peak shaving task constraint of the power station are proposed according to the demand of users in each period and the peak shaving task of the power station. Secondly, a non-cooperative game-based battery swapping station capacity optimization allocation method is proposed with the battery swapping station and the user taken as the game participants. The maximum daily comprehensive income of the battery swapping station and the highest satisfaction degree of the user are selected as the optimization objectives respectively. Considering the interest needs of each game participant, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is then employed to solve the non-cooperative game model, and the Nash equilibrium point that maximizes both interests is determined. Finally, a domestic battery swapping station is taken as an example for simulation analysis. The results demonstrate that the model can maximize the revenue of the battery swapping station under the premise of the best user experience, thereby verifying the effectiveness of the proposed method.