Model and Methodology for Dynamic Carbon Emission Metering on Power Grid Side

The current situation of ambiguous boundaries in carbon emission accounting, slow updating of carbon emission factors, and the absence of spatio-temporal dynamics in power grids, necessitates the construction of a carbon emission metering model on transmission side, substation side, and distribution side as measuring nodes. The principle of QIO model states that the total amount of carbon emissions entering a node equals to the sum of the internal losses emissions of the node and the emissions flowing out of the node, Utilizing the electric energy metering network as a foundation, carbon emissions were measured for each link on the grid side using electric energy measurement data. The calculation results of carbon emissions and the associated factors exhibit the characteristics of spatial flexibility and temporal dynamics. Finally, the effectiveness of the method was validated through a numerical case study. The metering model has a positive significance for accurate carbon accounting for power grids, enabling a comprehensive grasping of the direction of carbon emissions, and providing a guidance to users in actively implementing carbon emission reduction.