Selection Scheme for Energy Storage to Participate in Primary Frequency Regulation of New Energy Based on AHP and TOPSIS Methods

The selection of energy storage is the key content for planning and design of energy storage to participate in the new energy primary frequency regulation. It involves many indicators such as safety, primary frequency regulation adaptability, economy and environmental performance, and is a complex multi-objective decision-making problem. This paper proposed a new energy primary frequency regulation selection scheme based on the combination of AHP (analytic hierarchy process) and TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution). This paper analyzed the characteristics of each index and built a two-tier decision-making system. According to expert scores and practical application requirements, the AHP method was used to obtain the weight of each decision-making index, and the TOPSIS method was further used to select the energy storage according to the weight of each index and related parameters. Finally, this paper selected 12 types of energy storage, such as compressed air, flywheel energy storage, lithium iron phosphate batteries and super capacitors, as cases for analysis. The results show that lithium iron phosphate batteries have advantages in participating in new energy primary frequency regulation. The selection scheme can provide certain theoretical support for energy storage to participate in the planning and design of new energy primary frequency regulation.