Optimization of Electric-heat-gas-hydrogen Integrated Energy System Based on Improved Sparrow Search Algorithm

The expansion of clean energy grid-connection, driven by the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality , poses great challenges for the energy system. To address the issues of carbon emission and new energy consumption, in the paper we propose an optimization model of an integrated electricity-heat-gas-hydrogen energy system with demand response taken into account. The carbon capture system and a multi-stage power-to-gas operation framework are introduced into the system, exploring the low carbon potential of hydrogen energy resource in the process of power-to-gas. The utilization of hydrogen fuel cells and hydrogen storage in model enhances the flexibility of resource distribution. Considering demand response, the collaborative optimization of the source and load can be achieved by incorporating demand response.