A Low-carbon Economic Optimization Configuration Method for Microgrids Considering Land Factors

In the context of the "Double Carbon" strategy, reducing system carbon emissions while considering the economy has become a research focus on the optimal allocation of microgrids. Therefore, a two-layer optimal allocation method for microgrids with hydrogen-containing energy storage is proposed, considering carbon trading and demand response. By introducing a tiered carbon trading mechanism into the planning model and considering the impact of construction processes on land carbon emissions at carbon emission sources. The price-based demand response is introduced, with minimizing the net load fluctuation in the dispatch cycle as the objective function. In addition, users are guided to change their electricity consumption strategies to promote renewable energy accommodation. A two-layer optimization configuration framework is constructed, where the upper layer is utilized for microgrid configuration optimization, with the minimizing the annual equivalent comprehensive cost as the objective function. The lower layer is employed for microgrid operation optimization, with the objective of minimizing the sum of microgrid operating costs and carbon emission costs. Finally, combined with the actual data of a residential area in Jiangsu Province, enhanced whale optimization algorithm (E-WOA) is utilized to solve the two-layer optimal configuration model. The results of the case study verify the superiority of the proposed scheme and algorithm.