基于控制输入选优方案的低压配网电压越限抑制方法

A Voltage Violation Mitigation Method for Low-voltage Distribution Networks Based on Optimal Selection of Control Inputs

  • 摘要: 随着分布式发电(distributed generation, DG)尤其是光伏发电对配电网的渗透,节点电压越限问题变得愈发突出。DG的随机性与负荷的不确定性将造成潮流在配网馈线中的不确定流向,并可能导致节点电压崩溃或者过电压的发生。此外,复杂配网中通常存在多种调压装置,而基于DG的调压措施可能会与传统的调压装置产生冲突,且传统本地控制方式存在成本高、控制操作冗余、不利于新能源最大化利用的缺点。针对以上问题,提出一种基于控制输入选优方案的低压配电网电压越限抑制方法。通过分布式储能与DG之间的协同,提高馈线内的源荷匹配度与有功控制的灵活度,并实现对本地节点电压的控制。针对任意控制信号对配网内所有节点电压的影响程度,提出广义电气距离以及控制综合影响系数的概念。基于此综合影响系数,提出一种两阶段控制输入选优算法。其中,第一阶段通过节点电压迭代,筛选出对所有节点越限电压有效的总控制集;在此基础上,第二阶段筛除出其中的冗余控制信号,最终实现以最小的成本、最简单的控制操作解决全网电压越限问题。通过改进IEEE 123节点配网中的仿真算例,验证所提方法的有效性。

     

    Abstract: With the penetration of distributed generation (DG), especially photovoltaic, into distribution networks, the issue of node voltage violation has become increasingly prominent. The stochastic nature of distributed generation and load uncertainty may result in uncertain power flow in distribution feeders, leading to node voltage collapse or overvoltage. In addition, multiple voltage regulators usually exist in complex distribution networks, while DG-based voltage regulation measures may conflict with traditional voltage regulators. Moreover, the traditional local control method has the disadvantages of high cost, redundant control operations, and limited support for the maximum utilization of new energy sources. Considering the aforementioned factors, in this paper, we propose a voltage violation mitigation approach for low-voltage distribution networks based on optimal control input selection. Through the synergy between distributed energy storage and DG, the supply-demand balance and flexibility level of active control within the feeder are improved, achieving simultaneous control of local node voltages. To evaluate the impact of any control signal on the voltages at all the nodes, the concepts of the comprehensive influence factor and the generalized electrical distance are proposed. Based on the comprehensive influence factor, a two-stage control input selection algorithm is introduced. In the first stage, the algorithm screens out the total control set that is effective for all the violated node voltages using node voltage iteration. On this basis, in the second stage, the algorithm screens out the redundant control signals therein, and ultimately realizes mitigation of voltage violations in the whole network with the smallest cost and the simplest control operation. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through simulations conducted on the modified IEEE 123-node distribution network.

     

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