Abstract: Hydrogen energy storage has numerous advantages, such as cleanliness and combined heat and power (CHP), making it a potential cornerstone technology for new energy storage. However, traditional CHP units in hydrogen energy storage systems require careful consideration of the high costs associated with recovering excess heat from hydrogen fuel cells to achieve high efficiency. Moreover, the nature of heat and power coupling results in a limited flexibility in their energy supply flexibility. To address these issues, we propose an optimization method for configuring a grid-connected multi-energy complementary system based on hydrogen blending in natural gas pipelines and hydrogen energy storage with hydrogen-fired gas turbines. By leveraging the operational characteristics of hydrogen-fired gas turbines, the dynamic adjustment of hydrogen blending ratios in natural gas pipelines is capable of optimizing the electric and thermal distribution of hydrogen energy units, thereby achieving efficient utilization of hydrogen energy and a rational capacity configuration. Firstly, a dual-layer optimization configuration model for the grid-connected multi-energy complementary system is developed, including electrolyzer units, hydrogen storage tanks, hydrogen-fired gas turbines, and gas boilers. The upper-layer model is designed to minimize the system’s comprehensive annual cost, while the lower-layer model focuses on minimizing the system’s annual operating cost. Subsequently, the chaotic particle swarm algorithm and the Cplex solver are employed to solve the dual-layer optimization configuration model. Case study results confirm the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed model, providing a reference for capacity configuration in multi-energy complementary systems incorporating hydrogen energy storage.