电动汽车充电站资源聚合模型

Resource Aggregation Model for Electric Vehicle Charging Stations

  • 摘要: 随着大规模间歇性新能源并网,电网安全稳定运行面临诸多挑战,若能充分挖掘电动汽车(electric vehicle, EV)的调度特性,将极大地提升电网运行的灵活性。本研究旨在通过聚合电动汽车充电站(electric vehicle charging station, EVCS)参与电网互动提供辅助服务,有效保障电网功率平衡与安全稳定运行。提出一种高效的EVCS资源聚合策略,以车主充电需求与EV充电特征为依据,精准刻画EV充电桩的可行域,借助顶点法构建出EVCS的等效电池(EVCS equivalent battery, EVB)模型,充分考量EV充电功率随荷电状态递增而递减的规律。为进一步提升计算效率和模型精度,结合EVB事件驱动的增量计算机制,提出滚动更新EVB可行域的增量修正方法。算例分析表明,所提方法可获取更为准确的EVB可行域,显著减小聚合计算耗时,为EVCS深度融入电网辅助服务体系提供了切实可行的技术支撑与理论依据。

     

    Abstract: With the integration of large-scale intermittent new energy, the safe and stable operation of the power grid faces great challenges. If the scheduling characteristics of electric vehicles (EVs) can be fully exploited, the operational flexibility of power grids will be significantly improved. The primary objective of this study is to provide ancillary services through the aggregation of electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) to participate in grid interaction, thereby ensuring the effective power balance and the safe and stable operation of the power grid. An efficient resource aggregation strategy for EV charging stations is proposed. Based on the charging demand of vehicle owners and EV charging characteristics, the feasible region of EV charging piles is accurately described, and an EVCS equivalent battery (EVB) model is developed using the vertex method. The law of EV charging power decreasing with the increase in the state of charge is fully considered. To further enhance computational efficiency and model accuracy, an incremental correction method for the rolling update of the EVB feasible region is proposed, combined with the EVB event-driven incremental computing mechanism. The numerical example analysis demonstrates that the proposed method is capable of obtaining a more accurate EVB feasible region, significantly reducing the time consumption of aggregation calculation and providing practical technical support and a theoretical basis for the deep integration of EVCS into the power grid ancillary service system.

     

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