计及可再生能源配额制及用户特性的绿电价格机制设计

Design of Green Electricity Pricing Mechanisms Considering Renewable Portfolio Standard and User Characteristics

  • 摘要: 可再生能源配额制的实施,要求售电公司在满足用户用电需求的同时,还必须完成配额指标,设计科学合理的绿电价格机制是其增加利润、提高自身竞争力的重要手段。为此,首先分析不同类型用户对电力产品的差异化需求,构建用户购买不同电力产品组合的效用及效益函数。然后,基于用户效用函数,考虑配额制要求及用户用电行为,以售电公司利润最大化为目标,建立差异化绿电价格模型,包括阶梯、分时、固定费率价格机制三类,实现差异化套餐服务。最后,为激励用电需求,增加市场份额,根据不同用户的电力需求价格弹性,在上述三类价格机制的基础上建立电价折扣模型,进一步提高售电公司利润。算例结果表明,所提差异化绿电价格机制能有效增加售电公司的利润,提高售电公司竞争力及用户接受度,促进可再生能源消纳。

     

    Abstract: The implementation of a renewable energy quota system enables a power sales company to meet the diverse electricity demands of its customers while also fulfilling the specified quota targets. The establishment of a scientific and rational green power pricing mechanism constitutes a crucial strategy for enhancing profitability and strengthening competitiveness. To achieve this objective, this study first analyzes the differentiated demand for electricity products of different types of users and constructs the utility and benefit functions to represent users’ purchases of different combinations of electricity products. Subsequently, based on the users' utility function, it takes into account the requirements of the quota system and the users' behavior of electricity consumption, and establishes a differentiated green power price model with the goal of maximizing the profit. The model comprises three types of pricing mechanisms: tiered, time-of-use, and fixed-rate, thereby offering differentiated package services. Finally, to stimulate electricity demand and increase market share, an electricity price discount model is developed on the basis of the aforementioned three pricing mechanisms. This model is designed according to the price elasticity of electricity demand across different users, thereby further improving the profit of the electricity sales company. The results indicate that the proposed differentiated green electricity pricing mechanism can effectively enhance the profitability of the electricity sales company, bolster its competitiveness and that of renewable energy, as well as promote the consumption of renewable energy.

     

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