风电机组发电机轴承温度特性分析与故障预警

Temperature Characteristics Analysis of Generator Bearings and Early Fault Warning for Wind Turbine Units

  • 摘要: 为提高风力发电机组运行过程中发电机轴承温度异常的早期识别能力,研究了风电机组运行参数与发电机轴承温度之间的关联性及其在故障预警中的应用价值。基于风力发电机组监控与数据采集系统(supervisory control and data acquisition,SCADA)采集的实际运行数据,采用Spearman相关系数分析了风速、有功功率等主要运行参数与发电机轴承温度的相关性,并结合时间序列与统计分布方法,对温度变化特征进行研究。分析结果显示,轴承温度与单一运行参数之间的单调性和线性关系均较弱,Spearman相关系数均小于0.4,决定系数R2均小于0.01。为提升故障识别准确性,构建了基于XGBoost(Extreme Gradient Boosting)的多变量非线性模型,提取与发电机轴承温度相关的特征参数并实现故障识别。实际应用案例进行验证,模型可在故障发生前约20min发出预警,具备较强故障的识别能力。研究成果可为风力发电机组智能运行维护提供有效的决策支持。

     

    Abstract: To improve the early identification of generator bearing temperature anomalies during wind turbine operation, the correlation between operating parameters and generator bearing temperature is investigated, and its application value for fault early warning is evaluated. Based on actual operation data collected by the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system from wind turbine generators, Spearman's Rank correlation coefficient is used to analyze the correlations between the main operation parameters, such as wind speed and active power and the generator bearing temperature. By combining time-series with a statistical distribution method, the characteristics of temperature changes are examined. The analysis results demonstrate that the monotonic and linear relationships between bearing temperature and individual operating parameters are weak, with all Spearman correlation coefficients below 0.4 and R² values below 0.01. To enhance fault identification accuracy, a multivariable nonlinear model based on Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) is developed to extract key features related to generator bearing temperature and identify potential faults. Verification through practical application cases indicates that the model can issue alerts approximately 20 minutes before a fault occurrs, exhibiting a strong fault identification ability. The findings provide effective decision-making support for the intelligent operation and maintenance of wind turbine generators.

     

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